Since it is not readily explained why HLA-B*57-positive individuals with controlled HIV infection exhibit increased susceptibility to die from bacterial infections, we studied in vitro effects of TLR stimulation on monocytes and NK cells isolated from treated HIV patients carrying the HLA-B*57 type versus the HLA-B*44 control type and compared them to healthy controls with the same HLA types. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-B and bacterial infectious disease.