TGF‐β1 is a cytokine that plays a dual role in gastric cancer, either promoting cancer development, acting as a factor that inhibits immunosurveillance and promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastases or, alternatively, suppressing tumour growth by directly inhibiting cell cycle progression, leading to growth arrest and activation of apoptotic pathways.8, 9. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.