LCN2 and common variable immunodeficiency: In the same context, Vlkova et al. recently reported that CVID patients under immunoglobulin replacement treatment exhibited an increased gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) plasma concentration and immunophenotypic changes of PMN surface receptors, such as increased levels of CD11b and PD-L1, and decreased levels of CD62L, CD16, and CD80, which are also indicative of PMN steady activation status [11].