CS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Here, our findings demonstrated that CTFV and its phytophenolics including chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and parishin A inhibited the obesity-related metabolizing enzymes of lipase, β-glucosidase, α-amylase, citrate synthase, and alkaline phosphatase in vitro, suggesting that CTFV treatment reduced lipid-hydrolyzing activity, triacylglycerol hydrolysis101, glycogenolysis102, glucose absorption33, the initial material concentration for fatty acid synthesis30, and lipid absorption or transport103.