We found in this study that (1) SHROOM3 was among the genes remarkably associated with non-diabetic CKD in the Japanese population; (2) Shroom3 has a role in podocyte structure development and its knockdown causes foot process effacement at podocytes and albuminuria; and (3) TPFE represents a new pharmaceutical carrier in nephrotic syndrome with its ability to deliver siRNA to podocytes. This evidence concerns the gene SHROOM3 and nephrotic syndrome.