Lastly, Kato et al. reported bicyclic azetidines such as 31 and 32 (Figure 12) as potent inhibitors of Pf phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) (EC50 = 9 and 5 nM, respectively, against a multi-drug resistant strain, Pf Dd2) for the treatment of malaria [47]. Here, FARS2 is linked to malaria.