PTGES and cancer: Furthermore, it has been reported that COX-2 and/or mPGES-1 are constitutively expressed in several cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer [19,20], colorectal cancer [21,22], breast cancer [23,24], prostate cancer [25,26], melanoma [27], and hepatocellular carcinoma [28,29], suggesting that the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 pathway is linked to the neoplastic progression.