TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: We then evaluated independent neuroimaging and autopsy ALS patient cohorts from the University of Pennsylvania Integrated Neurodegenerative Disease Biobank (UPenn Biobank) (Toledo et al, 2014) to evaluate whether polygenic risk for cognitive dysfunction also relates to in vivo cortical neurodegeneration and ex vivo cortical neuronal loss and TDP‐43 pathology.