In unrelated, exome-based studies, recurrent mutations in AarF domain containing kinase 1 (ADCK1) and prune homolog 2 with BCH domain (PRUNE2) have been reported in parathyroid carcinomas; however, their functional roles has not been elucidated [109, 110]. This evidence concerns the gene ADCK1 and parathyroid gland carcinoma.