TXN and cancer: Ferroptocide rapidly induces ferroptosis-like cell death in various cancer cells through inhibiting the enzymatic activity of thioredoxin (Fig. 2), although there is no direct evidence that ferroptocide induces lipid peroxidation.107 The knockout of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) inhibits ML210-induced ferroptosis in cancer cells.96 Although these studies demonstrate the importance of thioredoxin in suppressing ferroptosis, they do not show that the direct activation of the thioredoxin pathway is necessary for limiting lipid peroxidation.