Later, VDAC2 was identified as a direct target for carbonylation (a covalent modification of proteins by lipid-derived electrophils) during RSL3-induced ferroptosis.74 More recently, erastin was found to induce both VDAC2 and VDAC3 degradation in a NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin ligase-dependent manner in melanoma cells.75 These findings support the important role of VDAC in mediating mitochondrial damage (including mitochondrial ROS production) during ferroptosis. This evidence concerns the gene VDAC2 and melanoma.