Genetic deletion or pharmacological blockade of Th17 cells visibly reduces liver injury and further development of HCC by inhibiting KC activation and decreasing cholesterol synthesis in fatty liver cells.49 In early ALD, ST2 inhibits hepatic macrophage activation through NF-κB to protect against injury, and IL-33 is not involved in the immune response to ALD. Here, CALCA is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.