IQGAP1 and neoplasm: Of note, downregulation of IQGAP1 has been reported to associate with tumor progression and poor prognosis in bladder cancer [19]; IQGAP1 suppresses TGFβ-mediated myofibroblast activation in tumor stroma, and thus, inhibits tumor metastasis in the liver [20], revealing IQGAP1 possession of tumor-suppression activities.