These studies have mostly included patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC, lacked comparisons between treatments, and/or limited the patient population to those with PD-L1 expression (Khozin et al. 2018; Molife et al. 2019; Nadler et al. 2018; Schwartzberg et al. 2019; Velcheti et al. 2019; Weis et al. 2019). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.