And, antioxidant treatment inhibits ROS-induced biochemical and anatomical changes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), one of the major regions involved in the generation of MDD (Ibi et al., 2017), while overexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been reported to protect against glucocorticoid-induced depression-like behavioral phenotypes (Uchihara et al., 2016). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is major depressive disorder.