Although the ileal immune tonus was independent of tumor stage (Fig. 1C, F), genes coding for CD4, the Tfh-relevant transcription factor BCL6, the T helper 1-relevant transcription factor TBX21, and AHR were significantly (>2-fold) increased in the ileum (Fig. 2A, left panel) but not in the colon (Fig. 2A, right panel) in more advanced pCC stages (III/IV) compared with early stages of colon carcinogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene TBX21 and neoplasm.