Lactase persistence was non-significantly positively associated with prostate cancer risk in a meta-analysis of three studies, including a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (630 cases and 873 controls) and case-control studies of Finnish (1229 cases and 473 controls) and Swedish (2924 cases and 1842 controls) men [33]. This evidence concerns the gene LCT and prostate cancer.