This concept has been recently proposed by Chung and colleagues to provide a comprehensive framework of age-related inflammation integrating the three levels, which ranges from the redox-sensitive core transcription factor NF-κB and polarized macrophages, to non-coding microRNAs (epitranscriptomes) and metabolically linked proinflammatory processes, and are not conventionally considered in age-related chronic inflammation [51]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to inflammation.