BRAF and thyroid gland carcinoma: More recently, the efficacy of BRAF inhibitors vemurafenib for advanced-stage BRAF exon 15 p.V600E-mutated thyroid cancer patients refractory to radioiodine treatment [158] and dabrafenib for BRAF exon 15 p.V600E-mutated metastatic PTC patients has been demonstrated [159].