While nothing is known about the potential role of Pqlc3, Tpm4 has been reported to be involved in the fine tuning of the cellular contraction, and an association with the development of cardiac hypertrophy was suggested [68], in line with the cardiac injury observed in humans with higher circulating levels of miR-1 after acute myocardial infarction [59]. This evidence concerns the gene TPM4 and cardiac hypertrophy.