Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that TGFβ-rich cancer stroma is considered a determinant of immune exclusion, worse prognosis, and poor response to ICIs, suggesting that the combined blockade of TGFβ-signaling and immune checkpoints offers a promising strategy for patients with pMMR, as well as in a subset of dMMR CRCs [8,26,27,28]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.