The results suggested that the staining of CCL7, CD11c and CD8 in biopsies from patients with partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) was significantly higher than in those from patients with progressive disease (PD) (Fig. 8e, f), indicating that CCL7 could serve as a prognostic or diagnostic marker of checkpoint immunotherapy for NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene ITGAX and non-small cell lung carcinoma.