IL24 and melanoma: In addition, we found that administration of ZD55-IL-24 to B16-bearing nude mice, which lack adaptive immune responses, led to greatly decrease of its anti-melanoma efficacy (Figs. 1A–D, 3K–M), further suggesting that the adaptive antitumor immunity was critical for the therapeutic effect of ZD55-IL-24 in B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model.