In parallel, our transmission electron microscopy and Western blot results also supported this conclusion (Fig. 5E, F), suggesting that ZD55-IL-24 was unable to directly lyse immunogenic tumor cells in B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model and thus could not release TAAs, PAMPs, DAMPs as well as cytokines, which helped immune system recognizing tumor cells and were thought to be essential for the induction of antitumor immunity by oncolytic viruses5,14–16. This evidence concerns the gene IL24 and neoplasm.