Indeed, our flow-cytometric results confirmed that ZD55-IL-24 viral infection was able to result in surface up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I, which collected viral antigen in the cytosol and displayed viral antigen on the surface of infected cells20 (Fig. 6G–I), indicating that ZD55-IL-24 viral infection was most likely to result in “nonself” viral antigen epitopes presenting on MHC I molecules located on the surface of tumor cells. Here, IL24 is linked to neoplasm.