Given the substantial risk of HCC and prolonged survival by early HCC detection [6], with curative options available only for tumors diagnosed at an early stage, multiple professional society guidelines recommend regular biannual screening for HCC, using ultrasound with or without serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), in all patients with cirrhosis from any etiologies [7,8,9]. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is Cirrhosis.