Histone deacetylases (HDACs) emerged as a possible therapeutic target for NPC from a genetic screen in yeast [109] and from in vitro studies of NPC1-deficient neuronal stem cells [380], patient- and mutant mouse-derived fibroblasts [133,357,374,381,382,383,384], cell lines [384,385], and U18666A-treated hippocampal neurons [386]. The gene discussed is NPC1; the disease is nasopharyngeal carcinoma.