KALRN, MCF2/Dbl, NGEF/EPHEXIN, ARHGEF7/βPix/COOL-1, CDC42EP2, DOCK9, NET1, TIAM2, ABR, PLEKHG5, RhoBTB2 and PREX1 (Figure 1A and Figure S1) were identified as being increased at the tumour rim. This evidence concerns the gene NGEF and neoplasm.