NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Of note, several clinical trials have so far demonstrated a significant independent prognostic impact of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring in NPM1-mutated AML by highly-sensitive real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) and, accordingly, NPM1-mutated AML patients should have quantitative MRD assessment at informative clinical timepoints during treatment and follow-up to optimize anti-leukemic therapeutic strategies [20,35].