At a molecular level, progression of clonal hematopoiesis to MPD was accompanied by mutations activating Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling, while transformation to AML was characterized by additional oncogenic signaling mutations, namely in Ptpn11, Pik3r1, Flt3 genes and/or mutations in epigenetic regulators, such as Hdac1, Idh1, Arid1a [112]. Here, IDH1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.