ACTA1 and congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens from CFTR mutation: Consistent with the presence of myofibroblasts in CAVD, we found that α-SMA expression was higher in calcific valves compared to non-calcific samples (0.034 ± 0.004 vs. 0.059 ± 0.005 relative copy number; p = 0.0005).