Neutrophils are seen in lesions of PCM patients and experimentally infected mice; and, when appropriately activated (IFN-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IL15), they are able to limit infection and fungal burden and are important sources of INF-γ and IL-17, especially at early stages of P. brasiliensis infection [72,73,74]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and paracoccidioidomycosis.