The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has approved antibodies targeting the PD1–PD‐L1 axis as first‐line or second‐line therapies for a number of cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, lymphoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), renal cell cancer (RCC), gastro‐oesophageal cancer, and liver cancer.15 This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and renal cell adenocarcinoma.