TNF and viral encephalitis: The medians (interquartile ranges) of CSF OPN and other cytokines were significantly higher in the anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients compared to controls in acute stage [OPN 201.5 (143.8, 481.5) vs. 148.4 (126.2, 181.4) ng/ml; p = 0.001; Figure 1A; IL-6 7.3 (3.9, 13.4) vs. 3.1 (2.7, 4.1) pg/ml; p = 0.001; Figure 1B; TNF-α 6.0 (4.3, 11.3) vs. 2.1 (1.1, 3.7) pg/ml; p < 0.001; Figure 1C and IL-10 4.9 (3.6, 5.8) vs. 1.5 (1.1, 2.9) pg/ml; p < 0.001; Figure 1D].