FOXO3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Western blot analysis showed compared to sorafenib treatment alone, knockout of FOXO3a reversed the upregulation of LC-3 and downregulation of p62 induced by sorafenib treatment (cultured in normoxia) in 4 HCC cells, and it showed the similar trend in sorafenib-treated HCC cells cultured in hypoxia (Fig. 5B).