In 2018, the College of American Pathologists recommended the use of p16 IHC as a surrogate marker for HR-HPV testing in all new patients diagnosed with OPSCC, while for patients with non-oropharyngeal HNSCC, such testing should not be included in the routine practice (Lewis et al., 2018). The gene discussed is CDKN2A; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.