Lower serum SHBG (P=0.01 in Tunisians; P<0.001 in Bahraini), higher fasting serum insulin (P=0.02 in Tunisians; P=0.001 in Bahraini), HOMA-IR (P<0.001 in both Tunisians and Bahraini), and total testosterone (P=0.011 in Bahraini; P<0.001 in Tunisians), were also seen in women with PCOS and control women. Here, INS is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.