TGFB1 and COVID-19: TGF-β genes are up-regulated in COVID-19 (Uckun, 2020c; Uckun and Trieu, 2020b; Xiong et al., 2020) and Stafford et al. postulated that TGF-β is a crucial molecule, along with IL-6 and TNF-α in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 (Stafford et al., 2020).