IGF1 and leiomyoma: Importantly, in human leiomyomas, most of these signaling pathways, such as upregulation of mTOR, TGFB1 and CTNNB1 pathway46,47, deregulation of IGF-1 signaling in human uterine leiomyoma48,49 and inflammatory process involving TNF signaling50,51 have been reported.