To further confirm this idea, we detected the expression levels of various antitumor cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IFN-γ and IL-2, that have been shown to lose their expressions in exhausted TILs30 31 and found that this combinational treatment induced much higher levels of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ in tumor areas than individual drug treatments (figure 3F). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and neoplasm.