Preterm birth (based on estimated gestation at birth) was a common primary or secondary outcome, having a high incidence and reported associations with several biomarkers (eg, alpha-fetoprotein and C-reactive protein).29 Maternal mortality was another, with the pooled maternal mortality ratio from six studies being 150 per 100 000 (95% CI 80 to 280), however lower than previously reported rates for SSA as a whole.30 Similarly, pooled stillbirth and neonatal death rates were lower than those reported for the region. This evidence concerns the gene CRP and Stillbirth.