TIMP1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: However, the specific role of TIMP-1 in ALS is still unknown, even though the upregulation of TIMP1 was found in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and the spinal cord of ALS patients in several studies (Lim et al., 1996; Fang et al., 2009; Niebroj-Dobosz et al., 2010).