In addition, high expression of PDE4B is related to the “AKT” (NES = 1.611, P = 0.002) and “NF-κB” (NES = 2.083, P = 0.002) signaling cascades (Figures 6E, F), indicating the up-regulation of PDE4B expression in IBD tissue may be related to the “AKT” and “NF-κB” signaling pathways. Here, AKT1 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.