CD8A and neoplasm: In summary, our data highlight the importance of adjuvants in cancer vaccines to sculpt the tumor microenvironment with the appropriate tumor-fighting populations, placing Porins as an adjuvant with the capacity to seed and expand CD8+ Trm T cells with a progenitor exhausted phenotype, which are very proficient to control melanoma growth and display responsiveness to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (Figure 11).