CCL2 and infection: Another in vitro study showed that, upon infection with SARS-CoV, alveolar epithelial cells (A549) produce large amounts of CCL3, CCL5, CCL2, and CXCL10, while mononuclear cells (THP-1) produce large amounts of CCL2, CXCL8/IL-8, CCL3, CXCL10, CCL4, and CCL5 (23).