ACE and COVID-19: Accordingly, a higher ACE/ACE2 ratio might be a predisposing cause of worse outcomes in COVID-19, having angiotensin II dire vasoconstriction and pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory effects in contrast to angiotensin (1–7) that is a vasodilator, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory (Pagliaro and Penna, 2020).