MTOR and gestational diabetes: Previous studies have shown that the increased expression levels of p-Akt, p-mTOR, p-S6K, Adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (p-AMPKa), and p-4E-BP1 were observed in gestational diabetic placentas, highlighting the importance of Akt/mTOR signaling in GDM (22).