Interestingly, the highest levels of the peroxisomal enzyme in both AD and NDAN patients were found in astrocytes (ctrl vs AD, p = 0.1536; ctrl vs NDAN, p = 0.0060; AD vs NDAN, p = 0.2376; Fig. 8C,C′), whereas a significant downregulation of neuronal CAT was detected in AD individuals (ctrl vs AD, p < 0.0001; ctrl vs NDAN, 0.0032 AD vs NDAN, p < 0.0001; Fig. 8B,B′). The gene discussed is CAT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.