TP53 and neoplasm: However, recent studies also have showed that p53-related pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related pathways, metabolic stress-induced signaling, microRNA-triggered signaling and lncRNA-triggered signaling also participate in autophagy regulation, which make the role of autophagy on therapeutic drugs more unpredictable because induction of autophagy in response to tumor therapeutics has been considered as a double-edged sword with pro-death and pro-survival functions.