Several proteins that are encoded by genes associated with familial forms of PD, including α-synuclein (PARK1 and PARK4), parkin (PARK2), DJ-1 (PARK7), and ATPase 13A2 (ATP13A2 gene), are involved in the regulation of microglial and astrocyte activation [6, 41]. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.