IRAK3 and cancer: Nonetheless, clinical data support a role for IRAK3 as a negative regulator of innate immunity, as multiple mutations in IRAK3 have been linked to the pathogenesis of early-onset persistent asthma (Balaci et al., 2007) and high expression levels of IRAK3 and mutations in the pseudokinase domain correlate with an increased risk of cancer (Saenger et al., 2014; Kesselring et al., 2016).