Elevated levels of RBP4 are also associated with higher risk of diabetes mellitus in women but not in men after adjusting risk factors, although men had higher levels of RBP4 than women.17 Higher expression of RBP4 mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue in women has been reported compared to men, however, there was no gender difference in circulating RBP4 levels.18 A recent study has reported no role of gender disparity in decreased RBP4 levels in Chinese obese male and female patients at three and six month intervals after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. This evidence concerns the gene RBP4 and diabetes mellitus.