CIITA and infection: Some antiviral strategies to inhibit viral entry based on LY6E protein (Fig. 1) may protect from one group of viruses such as CoVs and Ebola virus, but may facilitate cell entrance and infection by other virus types such as flaviviruses or influenza A virus.2 This potential double-edged nature of antiviral therapies must be considered in future approaches targeting the CIITA/CD74p41 pathway.