TNF and gastric ulcer: Kaempferol (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg, p.o.)and the control drug omeprazole (20 mg/kg) protects gastric ulcers induced by ethanol in mice, inhibiting the accumulation of neutrophils, decreasing the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β and interleukin-6 (IL-6), improving NO and gastric mucus [46].